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Heliconius ismenius
The Ismenius Tiger or Tiger Heliconian (''Heliconius ismenius'') is a butterfly of the Nymphalidae family found in Central America and northern South America. They are highly populous as south as Ecuador and Venezuela and as north as southern Mexico, Guatemala and Belize. The ''H. ismenius'' are more commonly called the tiger-striped long wing butterfly. The'' H. ismenius’s'' nickname is blatantly derived from its long butterfly wing structure as well as the beautiful burnt orange and black stripes, which resemble the stripes of a tiger coat. Pierre André Latreille, a French Zoologist, found the ''Heliconius ismenius'' in 1817. The ''H. ismenius'' is known for being the first individual evidence, other than Charles Darwin’s finch research in the Galapagos Islands, for the proof of natural selection, exemplified by Henry Walter Bates.
==Life and characteristics==
Like any other butterfly, ''Heliconius ismenius'' start as eggs, grow to a larval, caterpillar stage, pupate and then mature into butterflies. The eggs are spread out under separate leaves with the mother only placing one or two eggs in a specific location of the host plant.〔(【引用サイトリンク】first=Margarita )〕 The eggs are small and yellow approximately 1.3 mm (height) x 0.8 mm (width). As the larvae mature, they become larger, approximately 2 cm in size, and become colored. They have an orange head and anal plate and a white body with black spots all over. According to Beltran, the pupae were observed to have a strong bowed thorax with five pairs of black spine in the abdomen.〔 As well, the pupae are brown in color and contain an average of three gold colored spots on the pupae dorsum.〔 As a grown butterfly the antenna have short black spines all around as well as the short horns on the head.
''Heliconius ismenius'' are known for feeding on specific plants. The plant a specific ''H. ismenius'' stays on throughout its lifetime is called a host plant. The host plants popular for ''H. ismenius'' are found in subgenera ''Distephana'' and genera ''Granadilla''. They feed on ''Passiflora platyloba, P. ambigua, P. alata,'' and ''P. pedata'' in Costa Ricaonly.
Throughout the rainforests they are found no higher than 1,500 meters. During the night, it is common that the adults form groups 3 to 10 meters above the ground. These groups are normally located along the forest edges on branches and tendrils of the host plants and trees.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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